Wikipedia
Jemen, offisielt Republikken Jemen, tidligere skrevet Yemen er en republikk sørvest på den arabiske halvøy. Landet grenser til Saudi-Arabia, Rødehavet i vest, Oman i nordøst og Adenbukta i sør. Wikipedia

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Den arabiske våren

Protestbevegelsene i Den arabiske verden ville endre styresettet, ofte med ønske om å bedre menneskerettighetssituasjonen. Fra vinteren 2011 spredte opprøret seg fra land til land, med forskjellige resultater.

Jemen

27. januar 2011 samlet 16 000 demonstranter seg i gatene i Jemens hovedstad Sanaa, for å kreve avgangen til president Ali Abduhllah Saleh. Saleh kunngjorde at han ikke vil stille til gjenvalg i 2013 og at han ikke ville overføre makten til sin sønn, slik mange fryktet. Demonstrasjonene fortsatte likevel, og etter en måned med protester åpnet sikkerhetsstyrkene ild mot demonstranter i Sanaa og tok livet av over førti mennesker. President Saleh erklærte at Jemen var i unntakstilstand.

Saleh mistet etter hvert den støtten han hadde. Etter press fra sine politiske allierte og det økende antallet demonstranter, gikk Saleh med på en avtale om å overlevere makten til sin nestleder innen 30 dager. I mai 2011 kunngjorde han likevel at han nektet å fratre.

Sadiq al-Ahmar, lederen for en av de største stammeføderasjonene, hashidene, erklærte da sin støtte til opposisjonen. I slutten av mai og i begynnelsen av juni var det kamper mellom hashidene, deserterte soldater og andre motstandsgrupper på den ene siden, og den jemenittiske hæren på den andre. Saleh ble skadet i et rakettangrep på presidentpalasset i juni.

I november 2011 godtok president Saleh å overlate makten til sin stedfortreder, Abdrabbuh Mansour Hadi, og en samlingsregjering ble dannet. Saleh forlot landet. Nasjonalforsamlingen gav ham full immunitet, til tross for protester fra tusenvis av gatedemonstranter. I tiden etter Den arabiske våren i 2011 har det utspilt seg nye voldkonflikter i Jemen (Les mer om disse på konfliktprofilen Jemen).

Kilde: Globalis
Den arabiske våren - Globalis.no

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Derfor kriger de i Jemen

Krigen i Jemen er en av de mest kompliserte konfliktene i verden. Her er et forsøk på å forklare hva de enkelte gruppene kriger for Det har vært konflikt i Jemen siden Houthi-bevegelsen tok kontroll over hovedstaden Sana i februar. Søndag kveld melder Reuters at Houthi-bevegelsen er villige til å forhandle, forutsatt at samtalene overvåkes av en uavhengig . art, og at Saudi-Arabia stanser luftangrepene.

FN har anslått at totalt i Jemen har 519 mennesker mistet livet og minst 1700 mennesker er skadet i løpet av kampene de siste to ukene.

Les hvorfor her:
Derfor kriger de i Jemen - Aftenposten

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Middle east: Yemen



North Yemen became independent from the Ottoman Empire in 1918. The British, who had set up a protectorate area around the southern port of Aden in the 19th century, withdrew in 1967 from what became South Yemen. Three years later, the southern government adopted a Marxist orientation. The massive exodus of hundreds of thousands of Yemenis from the south to the north contributed to two decades of hostility between the states. The two countries were formally unified as the Republic of Yemen in 1990. A southern secessionist movement and brief civil war in 1994 was quickly subdued. In 2000, Saudi Arabia and Yemen agreed to delineate their border. Fighting in the northwest between the government and the Huthis, a Zaydi Shia minority, began in 2004 and has since resulted in six rounds of fighting that ended in early 2010 with a cease-fire. The southern secessionist movement was revitalized in 2008. Public rallies in Sana'a against then President SALIH - inspired by similar demonstrations in Tunisia and Egypt - slowly built momentum starting in late January 2011 fueled by complaints over high unemployment, poor economic conditions, and corruption. By the following month, some protests had resulted in violence, and the demonstrations had spread to other major cities. By March the opposition had hardened its demands and was unifying behind calls for SALIH's immediate ouster. In in late April 2011. the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), in an attempt to mediate the crisis in Yemen, proposed the GGC Initiative, an agreement in which the president would step down in exchange for immunity from prosecution. SALIH's refusal to sign an agreement led to further violence. The UN Security Council passed Resolution 2014 in October 2011 calling for an end to the violence and completing a power transfer deal. In late November 2011, SALIH signed the GCC Initiative to step down and to transfer some of his powers to Vice President Abd Rabuh Mansur HADI. Following HADI's election victory in February 2012, SALIH formally transferred his powers. In accordance with the GCC initiative, Yemen launched a National Dialogue Conference (NDC) in March 2013 to discuss key constitutional, political, and social issues. HADI concluded the NDC in January 2014. Subsequent steps in the transition process include constitutional drafting, a constitutional referendum, and national elections. Since the Arab Awakening in 2011, the Huthis have expanded their influence, culminating in a major offensive against military units and tribes affiliated with their Yemeni rivals and enabling their forces to overrun the capital, Sana'a, in September 2014. In January 2015, the Huthis attacked the presidential palace and President HADI's residence and surrounded key government facilities, prompting HADI and the cabinet to submit their resignations. HADI fled to Aden, and in late February he rescinded his resignation. He subsequently escaped to Saudi Arabia and asked the GCC to intervene militarily in Yemen to protect the legitimate government from the Huthis. In late March, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia launched Operation Decisive Storm, a series of airstrikes against Huthi and Huthi-affiliated forces. In late April, the Saudi Government announced completion of the operation and initiated Operation Restoring Hope, which focuses on humanitarian aid and a return to political dialogue. As of late April 2015, the Huthis controlled much of western Yemen.


Kilde: https://www.cia.gov/library/publicat...k/geos/ym.html